My last adapter got damaged during travel, so I bought a new adapter. Enter the Rosewill N150UB.

In order to get this working on macOS Sierra, download and install the Realtek drivers for the EW7811Un; I had to modify two files to get the Rosewill working.
The procedure is simple, for both RtWlanU.kext and RtWlanU1827.kext, open Info.plist, copy a section for another device, and replace the values as follows.

Vendor:  3034

Device: 65519

Then you can reboot and load the driver with kextutil.